Oh, but I missed the main point of what you were asking. So yes, I measure my 24 lb HP laserjet paper at about 0.003" or 3 mil. So, the 10 mil Allied backing sheet would essentially be the thickness of 3 of those sheets of paper (plus a little more). And the 5 mil would be just a little under the thickness of two sheets of that paper used as backing. However... the mylar seems to be a bit different than using just paper as a backer. It is sturdier. For example, when you use paper as the backing sheet, you almost always see impressions of the letters in at least the 1st backing sheet. With the mylar, you do not.
Reading a couple of other patents for backing sheets (I was bored today) I came across the idea of taking a legal size paper to put behind the backing sheet of mylar and folding it over the top. Then insert your typing paper into the fold, similar to how they would do when they would sometimes do manifolding for carbon copies. This made winding the paper in very easy and it required no straightening. The patent I was reading claimed that the paper behind the backing sheet (in that case, celluloid) prevented the backing sheet from slipping on the platen. I have not noticed the mylar slipping, even using the shiny stuff. I don't know how mylar is different from celluloid?
Anyway... I know it's sort of overkill, but I can use the leftover mylar in my cricut now to cut stencils. 