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I happened on McTaggart's Typerwriter Workshop .
From The gentle art of typewriter servicing my eye fell upon the section With one sheet of paper in the roller we will check the Platen and Anvil position.
Aha, aha, and again, aha. I checked a bit further and discovered that while Mr. McTaggart may favor the plain English anvil, "ring and cylinder adjustment" is also a phrase encountered.
Much evil behavior is attributed to the hard platen, but I must wonder if some of the contumely is warranted - and probably not more warranted than my subtle misuse of contumely here. Though at least I checked my word memory.
To the hard platen is attributed hole punching by periods and commas. But is seems at least for some machines at some times - and this is hyper-caution on my part - goodness has nothing to do with it. On at least these some machines at some times the platen is not supposed to be absorbing the blow of the flying type anyway! The anvil has that role, and on a well adjusted machine is supposed to stop the type just short of the platen - a paper thickness short, in fact - so that the result is to gently compress the ribbon against the paper and make an impression, not to slam the type onto the paper with only the platen as backstop. This makes more sense to me than the idea that a soft rubber platen is going to stop a flying hard stop without damage to paper or platen.
So why is hole punching so often seen? I will hazard a guess that it is adjuster's laziness. Or foresight that there will not be another competent adjuster available any time soon. If the type stops short of making an impression, then the machine will not type. BUT, if the type goes too far, it WILL be stopped by the poor abused platen. So it is much easier, in the absence of a factory spec adjustment, to allow the type to be stopped by the platen, which at least will continue to produce an impression for some time as holes are punched in the paper.
With a harder platen I can see that the leeway in this adjustment may indeed only be a paper thickness, since without resiliency any over-travel at all is going to result in a hard stop of the hard stops by the hard rubber. Which rubber is likely to be uneven, compounding the adjustment problem.
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You get major street cred in my book for using "contumely," anyway!
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The American useage is 'Ring and Cylinder', and the English useage is 'Platen and Anvil'. Your theory is lovely, but there is no laziness. This adjustment would have been set at the factory, and there would normally be no need to disturb it. In theory, it may have to be adjusted when a replacement platen is fitted, but in practice, the platen supplier would know the exact diameter that the platen should be (as well as the correct rubber grade) and would grind it to the correct specification. Some machines did not even have a ring and cylinder/platen and anvil adjustment. A good example of this is the Corona and Smith-Corona portables. Others had the adjustment sealed at the factory in such a way that it was impossible to change it (Imperial standards). The reason that hole-punching is seen so often is purely the age-hardening of the rubber. You never see this on a typewriter fitted with a cork platen because cork does not age in the same way.
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Oh, CORK!
Well that seems like a good idea.
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thetypewriterman wrote:
The American useage is 'Ring and Cylinder', and the English useage is 'Platen and Anvil'. Your theory is lovely, but there is no laziness. This adjustment would have been set at the factory, and there would normally be no need to disturb it. In theory, it may have to be adjusted when a replacement platen is fitted, but in practice, the platen supplier would know the exact diameter that the platen should be (as well as the correct rubber grade) and would grind it to the correct specification. Some machines did not even have a ring and cylinder/platen and anvil adjustment. A good example of this is the Corona and Smith-Corona portables. Others had the adjustment sealed at the factory in such a way that it was impossible to change it (Imperial standards). The reason that hole-punching is seen so often is purely the age-hardening of the rubber. You never see this on a typewriter fitted with a cork platen because cork does not age in the same way.
Sir - thank you for your patient correction and instruction.
It is worth it to be proved an over-confident tyro yet again, to learn something!
Another thing I found, in a 1940's repair manual, was the recommendation that if a platen were ground down more than 0.01" from its original diameter it should be discarded. Easier to come by a new platen then, for sure. But makes me wonder about the recommendations to condition platens with mild abrasives. Maybe it's more difficult to remove one hundredth of an inch of rubber than I think?
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I bought an old Royal KHM with pronounced ridges on the platen from wear. I successfully used 320 grit sandpaper and sanded the ridges off carefully without leaving any flat spots that I can notice. (I took the platen completely off first and then gauged my sanding by watching the unsanded "grooves" shrink narrower as I went) It works well now.
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Re: Cork Platens. This was traditionally offered as an alternative to rubber. It does not deteriorate in the same way and can still be fine after 70 years. The down side is that the grip on the paper is never as good as rubber. Maybe 5% of typewriters had cork platens and feedrolls, but during world war two the percentage increased dramatically due to the shortage of rubber. The Imperial Typewriter Co. were allowed to continue manufacture throughout the war and towards the end, they had to get very creative with cork. I have seen a couple of 'War Finish' standards with special cork feet, and recently a wartime Good Companion with cork foot grommets. The carry case did have (perished) rubber feet, presumably because the factory still had some left !